Abstract: the article deals with the statistics of the diabetes sickness rate both in Russia and worldwide in accordance with the information by WHO and the Russian Diabetes Mellitus Register. The article considers factors which raise the risk of diabetes, common symptoms as well as a range of approaches to outpatient treatment of type 2 diabetes patients. The author touches upon the issue of the traditional and new approaches to dietary therapy in type 2 diabetes published by foreign scientists; new terminology of dietary therapy of diabetes mellitus. The review also runs through the advantages and drawbacks of these diets, their peculiarities.
Keywords: type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, diet, healthy lifestyle, functional diet, short-term fasting