Abstract: acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is an immune-inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that occurs mainly at a young age and has a monophasic course. It is manifested by multiple focal lesions of the brain and spinal cord. Significant acceleration of confirmation and differentiation, increased detection of the diagnosis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, occurred in modern times due to the introduction of CT and MRI diagnostic methods in the practice. MR – image of ADEM has typical clinical signs, which allow diagnosing confidently, and the variant flow, which may require differentiation. As well as clinical manifestations can represent typical nosological signs, but at times similarity with other demyelinating, inflammatory diseases requires differentiation. In addition to the main causes of the disease remain idiopathic factors that do not close the issue of further study of etiology.
In 1931 D. McAlpine singled out three variants of ADEM: post-infection, post-vaccination and spontaneous. In addition to the main causes of the disease remain idiopathic factors that do not close the issue of further study of etiology. Possible ethiological factors, clinical and anamnestic features are discussed in the work. The results of an MRI study of a patient with a demonstration of foci of acute demyelination of the brain of a patient with ADEM are presented, as well as differentiation with the onset of multiple sclerosis (MS). Differentiation is required depending on the stage of focal brain lesions – ADEM, MS, multiple abscesses of the brain, etc.
Keywords: etiology of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. MRI diagnosis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Differential diagnostics of ADEM and MS debut